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Lebanon


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Lebanon

Land Area 10230km²
Land Area + Seaarea
Population 3971000
Population density 388.2 / km²

Informations

Lebanon ( (listen); Arabic: لبنان, romanized: Lubnān, Lebanese Arabic pronunciation: [lɪbˈneːn]), formally called the Lebanese Republic (Arabic: الجمهورية اللبنانية, romanized: al-Jumhūrīyah al-Lubnānīyah, Lebanese Arabic pronunciation: [lˈʒʊmhuːrijje lˈlɪbneːnijje]), is a country in Western Asia. While Cyprus is west across the Mediterranean Sea, It's bordered by Syria to Israel to the south and east and the north. The location at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the hinterland of lebanon had contributed to its history and formed a cultural identity of ethnic and religious diversity. At just 10,452 km2 (4,036 mi2), it is the smallest recognized sovereign state on the mainland Asian continent.The earliest evidence of culture in Lebanon dates back more than seven thousand years, predating recorded history. Lebanon was home to the Phoenicians, a maritime culture that flourished for nearly three thousand years (c. 3200--539 BC). In 64 BC, the area finally became one of its leading centres of Christianity, and came under the rule of the Roman Empire. The Mount Lebanon range saw the emergence of a tradition. Since the area was conquered by the Arab Muslims, the Maronites held on their religion and identity. However, a group, the Druze, established themselves as well, generating a religious divide that has lasted for centuries. During the Crusades, the Maronites asserted that their communion with Rome and re-established contact with the Roman Catholic Church. These ties have influenced the region . Lebanon was defeated by the Ottomans in the 16th century and remained under the rule for the next 400 years. After the empire's collapse following World War I, the five states constituting Lebanon came under the French Mandate. The French expanded the boundaries of the Mount Lebanon Governorate, which was predominately Maronite and Druze, to include more Muslims. Upon independence in 1943, Lebanon established a unique confessionalist form of government, with the major religious sects apportioned political powers. Prime minister Riad El-Solh president Bechara El Khoury, and minister of Emir Majid Arslan II are considered the founders of modern Lebanon and heroes for their role . Lebanon initially enjoyed political and economic stability, which shattered by the damn Lebanese Civil War (1975--1990) between various political and sectarian factions. The war partly led to military occupations by Syria (1975 to 2005) and Israel (1985 to 2000). Despite its small dimensions culture is famous both in internationally and the world, powered by its large and powerful diaspora. Prior to the war, the country enjoyed a diversified economy that included banking, agriculture, trade, and tourism. Its financial power and stability throughout the 1950s and 1960s earned Lebanon that the moniker of"Switzerland of the East", while its capital, Beirut, attracted so many tourists that it had been called"the Paris of the Middle East". Since the conclusion of the war, there have been efforts to revive the economy and rebuild infrastructure that was national. While recovering from the economic and political impacts of the conflict, Lebanon remains a cosmopolitan and country, with the highest Human Development Index and GDP per capita. Lebanon was a founding member of the United Nations in 1945 and is a member of the Arab League (1945), the Non-Aligned Movement (1961), Organisation of the Islamic Cooperation (1969) and the Organisation internationale de la francophonie (1973).

Source: Wikipedia