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Bangladesh


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Bangladesh

Land Area 130170km²
Land Area + Seaarea
Population 162221000
Population density 1246.2 / km²

Informations

Bangladesh (, Bengali: বাংলাদেশ, pronounced [ˈbaŋlaˌdeʃ] (listen)), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 162 million individuals. Concerning landmass, Bangladesh ranks 92nd, spanning 148,460 square kilometres (57,320 sq mi), which makes it one of the very densely-populated nations on earth. Bangladesh shares land boundaries with India to the west, north, and east, Myanmar to the southeast, and the Bay of Bengal to the southwest. It is narrowly separated from Nepal and Bhutan from the Siliguri Corridor, also from China by Sikkim, in the northwest, respectively. Dhaka, the capital and largest city, is the nation's economic, cultural and political hub. Chittagong, the largest sea port, is the second-largest city. Bangladesh forms the larger and eastern part of the Bengal region. According to the ancient Indian texts, Rāmāyana and Mahābhārata, the Vanga Kingdom, one of the namesakes of the Bengal region, was a strong naval ally of the legendary Ayodhya. In the early and classical period of the Indian subcontinent, the territory was home to many principalities, such as the Pundra, Gangaridai, Gauda, Samatata and Harikela. It was also a Mauryan state under the reign of Ashoka. The principalities were noteworthy for their overseas trade, contacts with the Roman world, export of fine muslin and silk to the Middle East, and spreading of philosophy and art to Southeast Asia. The Pala Empire, the Chandra dynasty, and the Sena dynasty were the last pre-Islamic Bengali middle kingdoms. Islam was introduced during the Pala Empire, through trade with the Abbāsid Caliphate, but following the early conquest of Bakhtiyar Khalji and the subsequent establishment of the Delhi Sultanate and preaching of Shah Jalāl in East Bengal, the religion fully spread across the region. In 1576, the wealthy Bengal Sultanate was absorbed into the Mughal Empire, but its rule was temporarily interrupted by the Suri Empire. After the death of Emperor Aurangzeb in the early 1700s, the proto-industrialised Mughal Bengal became a semi-independent state under the Nawabs of Bengal. The region was later conquered by the British East India Company at the Battle of Plassey in 1757. The boundaries of modern Bangladesh were created with the partition of Bengal in August 1947 at the time of partition of India, when the region became East Pakistan as a part of the newly formed Dominion of Pakistan. Later the growth of a pro-democracy movement thrived on Bengali nationalism and self-determination, leading to the Liberation War and finally caused the emergence of Bangladesh as a sovereign and independent state in 1971. Bangladesh is the only country in the world that was created on the basis of language and ethnicity. The Bengalis make up 98% of the total population of Bangladesh, which makes it one of the most ethnically homogeneous states in the world. The large Muslim population of Bangladesh makes it the third-largest Muslim-majority country. The constitution declares Bangladesh a secular state, while establishing Islam as a state religion. As a middle power in world politics, Bangladesh is a unitary parliamentary democracy and constitutional republic following the Westminster system of governance. The country is divided into eight administrative divisions and sixty-four districts. Even though the country continues to face the challenges of the Rohingya refugee tragedy, corruption, and the adverse effects of climate change. Bangladesh is one of the emerging and growth-leading markets of the world, and is also one of the subsequent Eleven nations, with one of the fastest real GDP growth rates. The Bangladeshi market is the 39th-largest on the planet by nominal GDP, and the 29th-largest by PPP.

Source: Wikipedia