Krakow | |
---|---|
State | |
Country | |
Capital | |
Population | 758992 |
Kraków (, also US: , UK: , Polish: [ˈkrakuf] (listen)), written in English as Krakow and traditionally known as Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Province, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 and has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, economic, cultural and artistic life. Cited as one of Europe's most beautiful cities, its Old Town was declared the first UNESCO World Heritage Site in the world.
The city has grown from a Stone Age settlement to Poland's second-most-important city. It began as a hamlet on Wawel Hill and was reported as a busy trading centre of Central Europe in 965. With the establishment of new universities and cultural venues at the emergence of the Second Polish Republic in 1918 and throughout the 20th century, Kraków reaffirmed its role as a major national academic and artistic centre. The city has a population of about 780,000, with approximately 8 million additional people living within a 100 km (62 mi) radius of its main square.After the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany at the start of World War II, the newly defined Distrikt Krakau (Kraków District) became the capital of Germany's General Government. The Jewish population of the city was forced into a walled zone known as the Kraków Ghetto, from which they were sent to German extermination camps such as the nearby Auschwitz, and the Nazi concentration camps like Płaszów.
Cairo | |
---|---|
State | |
Country | Egypt |
Capital | |
Population | 9120350 |
Cairo ( KY-roh; Arabic: القاهرة, romanized: al-Qāhirah, pronounced [ælˈqɑːhɪɾɑ] (listen), Coptic: ⲕⲁϩⲓⲣⲏ) is the capital of Egypt and the largest city in the Arab world. Its metropolitan area, with a population of over 20 million, is the biggest in Africa, the Arab world, and the Middle East, and the 6th-largest in the world. Cairo is associated with ancient Egypt, as the famous Giza pyramid complex and the ancient city of Memphis are situated in its geographical location. Located near the Nile Delta, Cairo was founded in 969 AD by the Fatimid dynasty, but the property composing the present-day city was the site of early national capitals whose descendants stay visible in parts of Old Cairo. Cairo has long been a centre of the region's cultural and political life, and is titled"the city of a thousand minarets" for its preponderance of Islamic architecture. Cairo is considered a World City with a"Beta +" classification based on GaWC.Cairo has the oldest and largest film and music industries in the Arab world, as well as the world's second-oldest institution of higher learning, Al-Azhar University.
Bikin (Russian: Бики́н) is a town in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, located on the river Bikin (a...
Chicago ( (listen) shih-KAH-goh, locally also shih-KAW-goh;), officially the City of Chicago, is...
Kamloops () (Secwepemctsín: Tk'əmlúps) is a city in south-central British Columbia, Canada, at...